DeepSeek V3.1 Merges General and Reasoning Models

Last August, DeepSeek released V3.1, its first hybrid model — combining the capabilities of V3 (general) and R1 (reasoning) into a single model.

Architecture Design

  • Total parameters: 671B, with 37B activated per token
  • 256 experts per layer, 8 activated
  • Two modes switchable with one click:
    • Think mode (deepseek-reasoner): multi-step reasoning + tool calling
    • Non-think mode (deepseek-chat): everyday conversation, fast responses

Both modes share weights, with a 128K context window.

Why "Hybrid" Works

Looking directly at SWE-bench Verified scores:

  • V3.1: 66.0%
  • R1-0528: 44.6%

On coding benchmarks, the hybrid model outperforms the pure reasoning model. Think mode achieves approximately 90-95% of R1's performance on reasoning-intensive tasks, with faster response times.

Essentially, V3.1 proves one thing: a single model can handle both "quick Q&A" and "deep reasoning" — scenarios that previously required separate deployments.

Training Details

Based on V3.1-Base, an additional 840 billion tokens were used for training:

  • 32K phase: 630 billion tokens
  • 128K extension phase: 209 billion tokens

Key improvements focused on long-context understanding, tool use, and agent workflows. DeepSeek officially positions V3.1 as "the first step toward the Agent era."

From a practical standpoint, with V3.1 there's no longer a need to choose between a general model and a reasoning model — just pass the task to it and let it decide.

Sources: CocoLoop, The Decoder report, DeepSeek official release